Streaming Across Borders: A Case Study of “Nonton Film Muzi Nadeji Sub Indo” in Indonesian Online Fandoms Abstract This paper examines the phenomenon of Indonesian audiences accessing the film Muzi Nadeji (a speculative Central/Eastern European title) with Indonesian subtitles (Sub Indo), focusing on the practices of online streaming, fan-led translation, and cultural reinterpretation. Using a qualitative digital ethnography approach, the study analyzes forum discussions, subtitle-sharing communities, and streaming platforms popular among Indonesian netizens. Findings indicate that “nonton (watching) Muzi Nadeji Sub Indo” is not merely a consumption act but a form of cultural brokerage where viewers negotiate linguistic gaps, localize foreign humor, and construct parallel narrative meanings. The paper concludes that such practices challenge official distribution models and highlight the agency of Indonesian subtitle communities in global media flows.
